Most tourists are very interested to visit the Zoo and Safari Park. In this place visitors are welcome to see a collection of wild animals and rare. In addition they are also offered various interesting attractions such as elephant riding, camel riding, dolphin performances, monkey shows, civet coffee tours, selfie photos with tigers, walking paths with lions, visiting bear parks, holding turtles, snakes and kissing cobras.
These attractions sometimes have bad effects on animals, especially if they overly power the animals so they are tired, starved, thirsty and stressed.
Marison Guciano, senior investigator of the Scorpion Wildlife Trade Monitoring Group suggested that zoos and safari parks apply "Free Five" to their Animals:
1. Free from hunger and thirst, namely the access to fresh water and clean to maintain the health of animals.
2 Free from inconvenience, by providing suitable environments including shelter and comfortable rest areas.
3. Freedom from Illness, Injury or Illness, ie through rapid prevention or diagnosis and treatment.
4 Free to Express Normal Behavior, ie by providing adequate space, appropriate facilities for the animal species.
5 Free from Fear and Stress, ie by ensuring conditions and treatment that can cause the animals to suffer mentally.
(http://www.tribunnews.com/tribunners/2016/06/16/menderita-demi-hiburan-kebun-binatang-diminta-hentikan-atraksi-gajah-tunggang?page=1)
Elephants are herbivorous animals. Their habitats can be: savanna, forest, desert, and swamp. They like to be near the water. There are two types of elephants: African elephants (Loxodonta africana) and Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), Elephants spread throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Male African elephant is the largest land animal, 4 m tall, weighs 7,000 kg.
Elephants Attraction
The most distinctive feature of elephants is the long proboscis or trunk. The trunk on an elephant is used for: breathing, sucking water, holding and picking up objects. His teeth grow into long fangs called ivory. Ivory can be used as a weapon and a tool to move objects or dig. The large earlobes of the elephants help regulate their body temperature. African elephants have larger ears and hollowed backs. Asian elephant ears are smaller and their backs are convex.
Elephants can live for 70 years in the wild. They communicate by touch, sight, smell, and sound; Elephants use infra sound and seismic communication for long distance. The elephant's intelligence is proportional to the intelligence of primates and cetaceans. They seem to have self-awareness and show empathy to other elephants that are almost or have died. Other animals tend to keep their distance from elephants. Lions, tigers. Hyenas, and wild dogs only dare to attack the young elephant. Female elephants tend to live in family groups. The elephant group consists of one female with her children or several females who are associated with their children.
The majority of zoos and safari parks still rely on elephant riding attraction to attract visitors. Visitors are charged a sum of money to be able to enjoy the elephant attraction. Elephant riding is often exploited from early morning to late afternoon without stopping to take visitors around a large area.
A number of zoos that still use the elephant riding attractions are Taman Safari Indonesia, Bali Safari and Marine Park, Medan Zoo, and Jambi Zoo, Ragunan Zoo of Jakarta, Way Kambas Lampung, Tangkahan North Sumatra, Seblat Bengkulu.
One of the threats to the existence of elephants is the pursuit of wild tusks, which are of high value. habitat and conflict with local people is also a threat to the existence of elephants. In Asia elephants are often used as working animals. In the past, elephants were once used for war rides. Today, elephants are often shown in zoos and circuses.
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah
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